Pharaoh ant — printable fact sheet

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Pharaoh ant

Monomorium pharaonis

The Pharaoh ant is a tiny, yellow or light brown ant species known for its persistent infestations in buildings worldwide. Originating from Africa, it has spread globally due to its ability to thrive in warm, indoor environments. These ants are notorious for forming massive colo…

Classification

Invertebrate

Family

Formicidae

Habitat

Human dwellings and heated buildings

Diet

Omnivore

Conservation status

Least Concern

Lifespan

4-12 months (workers), up to 12 months (queens)

Weight

0.5–2 mg

Scientific name

Monomorium pharaonis

Did you know?

Pharaoh ants can have hundreds of queens in a single colony, which makes control and elimination extremely challenging.
Pharaoh ants can split their colonies and relocate quickly when disturbed, a process called 'budding.' They are notorious in hospitals, where they can contaminate sterile equipment and spread pathogens. These ants use invisible pheromone trails to coordinate complex foraging networks indoors.

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