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Woolly Mammoth — printable fact sheet
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Woolly Mammoth
Mammuthus primigenius
The woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) was not the largest mammoth. It stood around 3 metres at the shoulder, roughly the size of a modern African elephant, and both the Columbian mammoth and the earlier steppe mammoth were considerably bigger; the woolly form was the cold-a…
Did you know?
- The last population of Woolly Mammoths survived on Wrangel Island until about 4,000 years ago, thousands of years after most populations went extinct.
- Woolly mammoths were still alive on Wrangel Island when the Great Pyramid of Giza was already a thousand years old. They were about the size of an African elephant, and both the Columbian and steppe mammoths were considerably larger. Ancient DNA revealed a special haemoglobin that kept delivering oxygen even in near-freezing extremities, a cold adaptation reconstructed and tested in a laboratory. Wear marks on their tusks show they used them sideways as snow shovels to reach the grass beneath.
What I learned
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